Class 12 Mineral and Energy Resources Mock Test (CBSE)

Topics in Mineral and Energy Resources

• Types of minerals
• Distribution of minerals in India
• Ferrous minerals
• Non-ferrous and non-metallic minerals
• Energy resources
• Conventional energy sources
• Non-conventional energy sources
• Conservation of mineral resources

Mineral and Energy Resources practice questions with answers

1. Q1Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which of the following is considered the finest iron ore, containing up to $70\%$ iron and possessing exceptional magnetic qualities?

   1. (a)Siderite
   2. (b)Hematite
   3. (c)Limonite
   4. (d)Magnetite
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (d) Magnetite+1

   Answer: (d)
2. Q2Multiple choice·1 mark
   Most of the metallic minerals in India are predominantly found and concentrated in which of the following physiographic divisions?

   1. (a)Sedimentary beds of the outer Himalayas
   2. (b)Peninsular plateau region
   3. (c)Coastal desert regions of Western India
   4. (d)Indo-Gangetic alluvium plains
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (b) Peninsular plateau region+1

   Answer: (b)
3. Q3Short answer·2 marks
   Name two important non-ferrous metallic minerals found in India and briefly state one major use of each.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. First non-ferrous mineral, any one of: copper; bauxite (ore of aluminium); lead; zinc; or another non-ferrous metallic mineral found in India such as gold or silver.+0.5
   2. Use of the first mineral: copper — electrical cables, electronics and chemical industries; bauxite — extraction of aluminium for aircraft, utensils, packaging and electric wires; lead — storage batteries; zinc — galvanising iron and steel; gold or silver — jewellery and electronics; or any other valid use of the mineral named.+0.5
   3. Second non-ferrous mineral, a different one from the same list.+0.5
   4. Use of the second mineral, as described above.+0.5

   Answer: Any two of: copper (electrical cables, electronics); bauxite (extraction of aluminium for aircraft, utensils, packaging); lead (storage batteries); zinc (galvanising steel).
4. Q4Short answer·2 marks
   Name the non-ferrous mineral from which aluminium is extracted. State any two major states in India where this mineral is predominantly found.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Identifying the non-ferrous mineral as bauxite, the primary ore of aluminium.+1
   2. First state, any one of: Odisha (the largest producer); Jharkhand; Gujarat; Chhattisgarh; Madhya Pradesh; Maharashtra; or any other major bauxite-producing state (e.g. Andhra Pradesh).+0.5
   3. Second state, a different one from the same list.+0.5

   Answer: Bauxite. Any two of: Odisha, Jharkhand, Gujarat, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh.
5. Q5Short answer·3 marks
   Explain the significance of energy resources in the economic development of India and classify them into broad categories.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Significance: energy resources are fundamental infrastructure for economic development, needed for industrial growth, agricultural operations, transport and households.+1
   2. Conventional sources: long-used sources such as coal, petroleum, natural gas, firewood, cattle-dung cake and electricity (thermal and hydel); the fossil fuels among them are exhaustible, while hydel power is renewable. Nuclear energy is credited here or under non-conventional sources, as NCERT texts differ.+1
   3. Non-conventional sources: newer, mostly renewable and eco-friendly sources such as solar, wind, tidal, geothermal and biogas/biomass energy; atomic (nuclear) energy is credited here or under conventional sources, as NCERT texts differ.+1

   Answer: Energy is basic to economic development, powering industry, agriculture, transport and homes. It is classified into conventional sources (coal, petroleum, natural gas, firewood, cattle-dung cake, thermal and hydel electricity; fossil fuels are exhaustible but hydel is renewable) and non-conventional sources (solar, wind, tidal, geothermal, biogas); nuclear energy is credited in either group, as NCERT texts differ.

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