Class 12 Human Health and Disease Mock Test (CBSE)

Topics in Human Health and Disease

• Common diseases in humans
• Immunity: innate and acquired
• Active and passive immunity
• Vaccination and immunisation
• Allergies and autoimmunity
• Immune system in the body
• AIDS
• Cancer
• Drugs and alcohol abuse

Human Health and Disease practice questions with answers

1. Q1Multiple choice·1 mark
   Cannabinoids are abused by some people and are known to affect the body's cardiovascular system. These compounds interact with specific receptors that are principally located in the:

   1. (a)Central nervous system
   2. (b)Urinary system
   3. (c)Cardiovascular system
   4. (d)Respiratory system
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (a) Central nervous system+1

   Answer: (a)
2. Q2Multiple choice·1 mark
   A patient exhibits symptoms of sustained high fever (39°C to 40°C), weakness, stomach pain, constipation, and loss of appetite. The Widal test confirms the positive diagnosis for the infection. The causative organism of this disease is:

   1. (a)Salmonella typhi
   2. (b)Entamoeba histolytica
   3. (c)Streptococcus pneumoniae
   4. (d)Plasmodium vivax
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (a) Salmonella typhi+1

   Answer: (a)
3. Q3Short answer·2 marks
   Distinguish between active immunity and passive immunity by stating any two points of difference. Also, give one example of each.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. First difference, any one of: source: in active immunity the host's own body produces antibodies against antigens, in passive immunity ready-made antibodies are given to the body; onset: active immunity is slow to develop, passive immunity acts immediately; duration: active immunity is long-lasting, passive immunity is short-lived; memory: active immunity produces memory cells, passive immunity does not; or any other valid difference.+0.5
   2. Second difference, a different one from the same list.+0.5
   3. Example of active immunity, any one of: vaccination (immunisation); recovery from a natural infection such as measles or chickenpox; or any other valid example.+0.5
   4. Example of passive immunity, any one of: antibodies (IgA) in colostrum received by a breast-fed infant; maternal antibodies (IgG) crossing the placenta to the foetus; injection of anti-tetanus serum or anti-venom; or any other valid example.+0.5

   Answer: Any two of: active immunity is produced by the body's own antibodies, passive by ready-made antibodies given to the body; active is slow to develop, passive is immediate; active is long-lasting, passive short-lived; active forms memory cells, passive does not. Active example: vaccination (or recovery from infection). Passive example: colostrum antibodies to an infant (or anti-tetanus serum, or maternal antibodies across the placenta).

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