Class 10 Manufacturing Industries Mock Test (CBSE)

Topics in Manufacturing Industries

• Importance of manufacturing
• Classification of industries
• Textile industry: cotton and jute
• Sugar industry
• Iron and steel industry
• Aluminium smelting
• Chemical and fertiliser industries
• Cement industry
• Automobile industry
• Information technology and electronics
• Industrial pollution: air, water, thermal, noise
• Control of environmental degradation

Manufacturing Industries practice questions with answers

1. Q1Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which of the following cities is widely known as the 'Detroit of India' due to the heavy concentration of automobile and auto-component manufacturing industries?

   1. (a)Mumbai
   2. (b)Bengaluru
   3. (c)Pune
   4. (d)Chennai
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (d) Chennai+1

   Answer: (d)
2. Q2Multiple choice·1 mark
   Why has the handloom sector been historically significant and heavily protected within India's cotton textile industry despite the dominance of powerlooms and mills?

   1. (a)It produces cloth faster and cheaper than mills, so it leads textile exports.
   2. (b)It uses cheap imported synthetic yarn, which keeps the price of its cloth low.
   3. (c)It employs many weavers in their homes and keeps traditional skills alive.
   4. (d)It earns most of the export income of India's cotton textile industry.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (c) It employs many weavers in their homes and keeps traditional skills alive. Handloom weaving is decentralised and labour-intensive, so it gives livelihoods to a very large number of home-based weavers and preserves traditional designs.+1

   Answer: (c)
3. Q3Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which city has emerged as the electronic capital of India, housing a major concentration of the Information Technology and electronic industry?

   1. (a)Pune
   2. (b)Bengaluru
   3. (c)Hyderabad
   4. (d)Noida
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (b) Bengaluru+1

   Answer: (b)
4. Q4Assertion and reason·1 mark
   Assertion (A): Iron and steel industry is called a basic industry. Reason (R): All other industries—heavy, medium, and light—depend on it for their machinery and raw materials.

   1. (a)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
   2. (b)Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of Assertion (A).
   3. (c)Assertion (A) is true but Reason (R) is false.
   4. (d)Assertion (A) is false but Reason (R) is true.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of Assertion (A).+1

   Answer: (a)
5. Q5Short answer·2 marks
   State any two adverse effects of industrial air pollution on the environment and human health.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. First effect, any one of: toxic gases such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide cause respiratory problems in humans and animals; sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides cause acid rain; smoke and particulate matter form smog and reduce visibility; acid rain and smoke damage buildings and monuments; polluted air damages crops and vegetation; or any other valid adverse effect.+1
   2. Second effect, a different one from the same list.+1

   Answer: Any two of: toxic gases cause respiratory diseases in humans and animals; sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides cause acid rain; smoke and dust form smog; acid rain and smoke damage buildings and monuments; polluted air harms crops and vegetation.
6. Q6Short answer·3 marks
   Explain any three arguments to highlight the significance of manufacturing industries in the economic development of India.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. First argument, any one of: manufacturing helps modernise agriculture; it reduces people's heavy dependence on agricultural income by providing jobs in the secondary and tertiary sectors; it helps remove unemployment and poverty; industries set up in tribal and backward areas reduce regional disparities; export of manufactured goods expands trade and brings in foreign exchange; it turns raw materials into finished goods of higher value; or any other valid argument.+1
   2. Second argument, a different one from the same list.+1
   3. Third argument, a different one from the same list.+1

   Answer: Any three of: it modernises agriculture; it reduces dependence on agriculture by providing jobs in secondary and tertiary sectors; it helps remove unemployment and poverty; industries in backward areas reduce regional disparities; exports of manufactured goods earn foreign exchange; it adds value by turning raw materials into finished goods.

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