Class 10 The Nervous System Mock Test (ICSE)

Topics in The Nervous System

• Structure of a neuron
• Central nervous system: brain and spinal cord
• Peripheral and autonomic nervous system
• Reflex action and the reflex arc

The Nervous System practice questions with answers

1. Q1Multiple choice·1 mark
   In the human peripheral nervous system, motor nerve fibers carrying impulses from the central nervous system to the effectors leave the spinal cord through the:

   1. (a)Ventral root of the spinal nerve
   2. (b)Dorsal root of the spinal nerve
   3. (c)White matter of the spinal cord
   4. (d)Central canal of the spinal cord
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   1. Correct option: (a) Ventral root of the spinal nerve+1

   Answer: (a)
2. Q2Multiple choice·1 mark
   In a reflex arc, the nerve impulse is conducted from the receptor to the central nervous system through which type of neuron?

   1. (a)Relay neuron
   2. (b)Association neuron
   3. (c)Motor neuron
   4. (d)Sensory neuron
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (d)+1

   Answer: (d)
3. Q3Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which of the following fluids cushions the brain and spinal cord, acting as a shock absorber and providing mechanical protection?

   1. (a)Cerebrospinal fluid
   2. (b)Synovial fluid
   3. (c)Amniotic fluid
   4. (d)Lymph
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (a) Cerebrospinal fluid+1

   Answer: (a)
4. Q4Multiple choice·1 mark
   The insulating sheath that covers a nerve fiber and is interrupted at regular intervals by nodes of Ranvier is the:

   1. (a)Synaptic sheath
   2. (b)Neurilemma
   3. (c)Cyton sheath
   4. (d)Myelin sheath
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (d)+1

   Answer: (d)
5. Q5Long answer·4 marks
   (a) Name the two components of the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and state the total number of pairs of nerves in each component in humans. (b) Differentiate between the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system with respect to their effect on: (i) Heartbeat (ii) Urinary bladder
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   1. (a) First component: Cranial nerves, 12 pairs.+1
   2. (a) Second component: Spinal nerves, 31 pairs.+1
   3. (b)(i) Sympathetic nervous system accelerates heartbeat, whereas the parasympathetic nervous system slows down heartbeat.+1
   4. (b)(ii) Sympathetic nervous system relaxes the urinary bladder, whereas the parasympathetic nervous system contracts the urinary bladder.+1

   Answer: (a) Cranial nerves (12 pairs) and spinal nerves (31 pairs). (b) (i) Sympathetic speeds up the heartbeat, parasympathetic slows it. (ii) Sympathetic relaxes the urinary bladder, parasympathetic contracts it.
6. Q6Long answer·4 marks
   (a) Differentiate between the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system based on their effects on the heart rate and the urinary bladder. [2] (b) State the two main components of the peripheral nervous system and mention the total number of pairs of nerves associated with each component in humans. [2]
   Show answer and step marks

   1. (a) Heart rate: the sympathetic system accelerates it, whereas the parasympathetic system slows it down.+1
   2. (a) Urinary bladder: the sympathetic system relaxes its wall, whereas the parasympathetic system contracts it.+1
   3. (b) Cranial nerves: 12 pairs.+1
   4. (b) Spinal nerves: 31 pairs.+1

   Answer: Sympathetic accelerates heart/relaxes bladder; Parasympathetic slows heart/contracts bladder. Components: Cranial nerves (12 pairs) and spinal nerves (31 pairs).

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