Class 9 Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life Mock Test (CBSE)

Topics in Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life

• Uneven heating of the Earth
• Solar radiation, latitude and the atmosphere
• Local and planetary winds
• Ocean currents
• Water cycle
• Carbon cycle
• Nitrogen cycle
• Oxygen cycle
• Human impact on Earth's processes

Earth as a System: Energy, Matter, and Life practice questions with answers

1. Q1Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which of the following human activities directly disrupts the global carbon cycle by releasing large amounts of stored carbon into the atmosphere?

   1. (a)Rainwater harvesting
   2. (b)Reforestation
   3. (c)Drip irrigation
   4. (d)Burning of fossil fuels
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (d) Burning of fossil fuels+1

   Answer: (d)
2. Q2Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which of the following biological processes maintains the balance of oxygen in the atmosphere by releasing oxygen gas?

   1. (a)Nitrogen fixation
   2. (b)Respiration
   3. (c)Photosynthesis
   4. (d)Combustion
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (c) Photosynthesis+1

   Answer: (c)
3. Q3Short answer·3 marks
   Differentiate between local winds and planetary winds. Give one example of each and briefly explain their formation.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Definition distinction: Local winds blow over a small region for a short duration, while planetary winds blow constantly throughout the year across large latitudinal belts.+1
   2. Local wind example, any one of: sea breeze; land breeze; loo; mountain or valley breeze; or any other valid local wind.+0.5
   3. Formation of the chosen local wind: it is caused by local differences in heating and air pressure (e.g. by day land heats faster than the sea, warm air rises over land and cooler sea air moves in as a sea breeze).+0.5
   4. Planetary wind example, any one of: trade winds; westerlies; polar easterlies; or any other valid planetary wind.+0.5
   5. Formation of the planetary wind: it blows from a permanent high-pressure belt to a low-pressure belt, set up by unequal heating of different latitudes, and is deflected by the rotation of the Earth (Coriolis effect).+0.5

   Answer: Local winds blow over small areas for short periods because of local differences in heating (e.g. sea breeze, land breeze, loo), whereas planetary winds blow all year over large belts between permanent pressure belts and are deflected by the Earth's rotation (e.g. trade winds, westerlies, polar easterlies).

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