Class 12 Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues Mock Test (CBSE)

Topics in Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues

• Workers and employment
• Participation of people in employment
• Self-employed and hired workers
• Employment in firms, factories and offices
• Growth and changing structure of employment
• Informalisation of Indian workforce
• Unemployment

Employment: Growth, Informalisation and Other Issues practice questions with answers

1. Q1Multiple choice·1 mark
   Over the decades, the structural change in employment in India has typically been characterized by which of the following shifts?

   1. (a)Shift of workforce from the primary sector to the secondary and tertiary sectors
   2. (b)Shift of workforce from the tertiary sector to the primary sector
   3. (c)Equal distribution of the workforce across all three major sectors
   4. (d)Shift of workforce from the secondary sector to the primary sector
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (a)+1

   Answer: (a)
2. Q2Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which of the following best describes the process of 'informalisation of the workforce' in India?

   1. (a)A complete transition of casual workers into regular salaried employees with benefits
   2. (b)An increase in the proportion of workers without job security, regular income, and social security benefits
   3. (c)The formal registration of all unregistered enterprises under factories acts
   4. (d)An increase in the proportion of workers employed in the organized sector
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (b)+1

   Answer: (b)
3. Q3Short answer·2 marks
   Distinguish between open unemployment and disguised unemployment. Give one example of disguised unemployment.
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Open unemployment: workers who are able and willing to work at the prevailing wage cannot find any work.+0.5
   2. Disguised unemployment: more people are engaged in a job than are needed, so the marginal productivity of the extra workers is zero.+0.5
   3. Example: five family members work on a farm plot that three could manage, so two are disguisedly unemployed; any other valid example where withdrawing some workers leaves output unchanged also earns the mark.+1

   Answer: Open unemployment: willing workers find no work. Disguised unemployment: extra workers with zero marginal productivity, e.g. five family members on a farm that three could manage, two being disguisedly unemployed.

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