Class 12 Security in the Contemporary World Mock Test (CBSE)

Topics in Security in the Contemporary World

• What is security
• Traditional notions: external security
• Traditional security and cooperation
• Traditional notions: internal security
• Non-traditional notions of security
• New sources of threats
• Cooperative security
• India's security strategy

Security in the Contemporary World practice questions with answers

1. Q1Multiple choice·1 mark
   Threats such as pandemics, international terrorism, and global warming go beyond military concerns and affect human existence as a whole. What are these broader notions of security referred to as?

   1. (a)Traditional security
   2. (b)Non-traditional security
   3. (c)Bilateral security
   4. (d)Core security
   Show answer and step marks

   1. Correct option: (b) Non-traditional security+1

   Answer: (b)
2. Q2Multiple choice·1 mark
   Which of the following strategies is typically associated with the traditional notion of external security to maintain a favourable power relation among states?

   1. (a)Global health cooperation
   2. (b)Balance of power
   3. (c)Eradication of poverty
   4. (d)Environmental protection
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   1. Correct option: (b) Balance of power+1

   Answer: (b)
3. Q3Short answer·2 marks
   State any two differences between traditional and non-traditional notions of security.
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   1. First difference, any one of: threats: traditional security deals mainly with military threats (war, armed rebellion), non-traditional security also covers threats such as terrorism, poverty, epidemics and global warming; referent: traditional security protects the state, its territory and sovereignty, non-traditional security protects people and humanity as a whole; means: traditional security relies on force, deterrence, defence and alliances, non-traditional security relies mainly on cooperation among countries; scope: traditional threats come from other states, non-traditional threats are often global and cannot be met by one country alone; or any other valid difference.+1
   2. Second difference, a different one from the same list.+1

   Answer: Any two of: military threats vs wider threats (terrorism, poverty, epidemics, global warming); the state vs people and humanity as the object of security; force and alliances vs international cooperation as the means; threats from other states vs global threats no single country can meet.
4. Q4Short answer·3 marks
   Explain any three new sources of threats that form a part of the non-traditional notions of security.
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   1. First threat explained, any one of: terrorism, political violence that deliberately targets civilians to create fear and pressure governments, as in the 9/11 attacks; human rights violations, which raise the question of whether the international community should intervene to stop them; global poverty, as high population growth and low incomes in poor countries cause instability and push people to migrate; migration and refugee flows, as people fleeing war, persecution or poverty cross borders and strain host countries; health epidemics such as HIV-AIDS, bird flu, SARS or COVID-19, which spread quickly across borders; environmental threats such as global warming; or any other valid non-traditional threat.+1
   2. Second threat explained, a different one from the same list.+1
   3. Third threat explained, a different one from the same list.+1

   Answer: Any three of: terrorism (violence deliberately targeting civilians); human rights violations; global poverty; migration and refugee flows; health epidemics such as HIV-AIDS, SARS or COVID-19 spreading across borders; environmental threats such as global warming; or any other valid threat, each with a brief explanation.

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